Differences are inevitable when passionate people work together. Eventually, after a team gets through an initial orientation with a new task, members usually come to the realization that working together to accomplish a common goal is tough work.
This occurs in the dissatisfaction stage of team development when the team recognizes the discrepancy between what is expected of them and the reality of getting it done.
It is not a pleasant stage.
As a leader its important to differentiate between the different types of conflict teams experience and to have a plan for helping the team move forward. Here are four examples of team conflict and some advice on how a leader can intervene properly from Dr. Eunice Parisi-Carew of The Ken Blanchard Companies.
Conflict over positions, strategies or opinions
If two or three strong, but differing, positions are being argued in the group and it is getting nowhere, a leader might stop the group and ask each member to take a turn talking with no interruption or debate. The rest are just to listen and try to understand where they are coming from and why they are posing the solution that they are. It may go something like this.
Leader: Lets stop for a minute. I want each of you state what is underneath your argument. What is your desire, your concern, your goal, your fear or your need that leads you to that conclusion?
In this instance, the leaders job is to make sure everyone is heard. When the exercise is completed the leader should look for concerns or goals that people have in common. Once all are uncovered, the leader can build on any interests that are shared. In most cases this becomes the new focus and it turns the situation from conflict to problem solving.
Mistrust or uneven communication
If some people on the team are dominating the conversation while others sit silent or appear to have dropped out, a leader might stop the process and ask each person what they need from others to feel effective in the group and how others can help.
Another simple practice is to appoint a process observer whose job it is to focus on how the team is interacting. If the teams gets out of kilterit might be tempers are rising or communication is not flowingthe process observer is allowed to call time and point out their observations. For example, In the last five minutes we have interrupted the speaker 10 times, or, We keep talking over each other. Just knowing this fact can alter the teams interaction. Soon the team will catch itself. It is harder to misbehave once you know what the impact of your behavior is.
Personality clashes
If personal styles are very different and causing conflict among team members, a team leader might administer the DISC, MBTI, or another behavioral assessment tool to help people better understand each other and learn to work together. These tools help people understand what the other person needs. They can also provide a common frame of reference for dealing with individual differences.
Power issues and personal agendas
Conflict that involves power issues, or strong personal agendas must sometimes be dealt with also. The reality is that some people just do not fit on a team and a leader needs to be willing to remove them or offer them another role. This doesnt happen often, but occasionally it is needed. The good news is that once it is dealt with, the team usually takes a leap forward. This should be an option only when other attempts to work with the person have failed.
Conflict can be healthy for a team when it is channeled properly. The challenge for leaders is knowing how and when to intervene.
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